Energy derived from sources that are naturally replenished on a human timescale, including sunlight, wind, water, geothermal heat, and biomass. Renewable energy can be used for electricity generation, heating and cooling, and transport. Most technologies have minimal fuel costs, making them economically competitive over their lifetime compared to fossil fuels.
Globally, renewable energy is increasingly cost-effective, with solar and wind often cheaper than new fossil fuel generation. Beyond mitigation, renewables contribute to energy security, reduce air pollution, and support the transition to a low-carbon economy.
Common types include:
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Solar energy
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Wind energy
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Bioenergy
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Geothermal energy
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Hydropower
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Marine energy
